Which response might patients on elevated levels of PEEP experience?

Patients on elevated levels of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) may experience hypotension due to several physiological effects of increased intrathoracic pressure. Elevated PEEP can restrict venous return to the heart because the increased pressure in the thoracic cavity decreases the gradient driving blood back to the heart. This reduced preload can lead to a decrease in cardiac output, ultimately resulting in hypotension.

In critical care settings, where PEEP is often used to improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with conditions like Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), the delicate balance between adequate ventilation and hemodynamic stability is crucial. Monitoring blood pressure and supporting circulation becomes important during the use of elevated PEEP to mitigate this risk.

Other responses listed, such as bradycardia, hypertension, or hypercapnia, are not typically direct consequences of elevated PEEP, making hypotension the most relevant and likely response in this context.